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Optical Sapphire is:
- A synthetic sapphire
- A duplication of natural sapphire chemically, physically and optically, but without nature's contaminants or inclusions
- High purity 99.997%
- Water clear
- A triagonal, (hexagonal) crystal system
- A negative, uniaxial crystal
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Major Advantages:
- Hardest natural substance next to diamond
- Much stronger than other optical materials
- Extreme surface hardness
- Highly resistant to scratching and abrasion
- Very wide optical transmission band from UV to near-IR
- Extremely high melt temperature
- High electrical resistance
- Chemically stability
- Totally unaffected by all chemicals except some very hot caustics
- High thermal conductivity. Provides rapid heating and cooling capability
- High dielectric constant
- Has good thermal properties and excellent transparency
- Can be used in harsh environments
- Free of contaminants. Can be easily cleaned
- Longer life. Sapphire life is up to five times that of quartz in some environments
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Optical Properties:
- Refractive Indices:
- Ordinary Ray (N0) (parallel to
C-axis): 1.768
- Extraordinary Ray (Ne)
(perpendicular to C-axis): 1.760
- Birefringence (Ne - N0): 0.008
- Temperature Coefficient of Refractive Index: 13x10-6/¡æ (@ 0.57 ¦Ìm, 20¡æ)
- Transmittance: >85% 0.3-4.0 ¦Ìm (@ 0.1 mm thick) uncorrected
- Emissivity @ 3,4,5 ¦Ìm: 16%, 25%, 70% (@500¡æ)
- Absorption @ 0.66 mm @ 1600¡æ: 0.1 - 0.2 cm-1
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Mechanical Properties:
- Hardness (9 Mohs std) : 2000 kg/mm2, Knoop
- Coefficient of friction: 0.14 (on steel)
- Young's Modulus: 3.6 x 104
to 4.4 x 104 daN/mm2
- Poisson's Ratio: 0.29
- Compressive Strength: 2.0 GPa
- Creep @ 100 Mpa, 1600¡æ: 1.5x10-4/hr
- Fracture Toughness: 2.0 MPa (m1/2)
- Flexural Strength: 35 to 39 daN/mm2
- Bulk Modulus: 2.4 GPa
- Shear Modulus: 175 GPa (Rigidity Modulus)
- Tensile Strength: 300 to 400 MPa
- Rupture Modulus: 65 - 100,000 psi
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Electrical Properties:
- Bulk Resistivity: 1016 ohm-cm @ 25¡æ,
1011 ohm-cm @ 500¡æ
- Dielectric Strength: 48 kv/mm, (1.2kv/mil)
- Dielectric Constant 25¡æ: 9.3 perpendicular to the c-axis, 11.5 parallel to the c-axis between
103 - 109 Hz
- Loss Tangent 25¡æ:
3.0 - 8.6x10-5; between 10 Hz and 3x109 Hz
- Magnetic Susceptibility:
-0.21x10-6 to -0.25x10-6
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